This means plans and strategies are often based on individual personal experience, and rarely on evidence-based practice. Whilst planning happens, Attendance Service staff and school leaders do not always have the ability to develop a good plan. There is a clear definition of what ‘chronic absence’ is, students are identified as their attendance starts to decline, and action is taken early to address their attendance. For each component, we used the evidence base to define what good looks like.

S.P.A.D.E – Setting, People, Alternatives, Decide, Explain

Continuous learning and practical application will set you on a path to becoming an effective and strategic leader. Throughout this guide, we’ve explored the importance of decision frameworks, detailed key decision-making models, and provided actionable insights and tools to aid leaders in navigating complex decisions. Incorporating these strategies and frameworks into your leadership practices will enable you to make informed, confident, and impactful decisions that fuel long-term success. They provide aspiring leaders with a reliable foundation for tackling complex decisions, minimizing risks, and capitalizing on opportunities.

Decision-making frameworks: How to master the science and art of making good decisions

Each of these steps should be examined to gain a comprehensive view of the state of your organization’s decision-making. They are not simple, and they are not easy to “get right.” In fact, many of these steps are quite complex and nuanced. When multiple stakeholders are involved in the decision-making process, managing group dynamics can become challenging.

Our evaluation questions

It involves making decisions based on intuition and can be particularly useful in situations where time is limited or information is scarce. Ask for private feedback on options including a voting system (1-5, yes/no, etc…) and a few lines of reasoning. Once you’ve laid assets = liabilities + equity out the options, it’s time for consultants to vote and for you to decide. Maybe you’re thinking about adopting a new technology that will require an entire rebuild. Or, you’re deciding whether or not to kill off an outdated, yet loved feature. The outcomes of these decisions are pretty much impossible to walk back on.

• Once you’ve laid out the options, it’s time for consultants to vote and for you to decide.
• But what’s just as important as knowing what framework to use is knowing when you should or shouldn’t use one.
• Parents and students who have experienced trauma related to natural disasters are anxious about being able to contact or reach each other during an event and are reluctant to be separated in case this happened again.
• Few Attendance Services staff have good processes for knowing which strategies are effective in addressing barriers and increasing attendance.

Part 4: What are the outcomes for chronically absent students?

Simply put, the decision-maker can take a ‘centralized decision’ on behalf of those below them in the chain or ‘decentralize the decision’ to a level below. Reinertsen 4 emphasizes the importance of “balancing centralization and decentralization.” Derived in part from that work, the considerations in Table 1 can help with identifying the best course of action. Solving the decision bottleneck requires restructuring the decision-making process itself.

• By strategically engaging key stakeholders, the executive was able to gather diverse perspectives, adequately assess risks, and foster collective buy-in, which ultimately led to a successful market entry.
• Students’ attendance improves during the first month that Attendance Services work with them (to 63 percent), but six months after referral on average students are still chronically absent.
• Other staff talked about the expectation that they close a case as soon as they could so that they could move on to other cases.
• At age 20, over half (55 percent) have not achieved NCEA Level 2, and almost all (92 percent) have not achieved University Entrance.
• This report draws on the voices of students, school leaders, Attendance Services, parents and whānau, and experts to understand chronic absence and its implications on the students in long term.
• Funding allocation has not increased to match the increase in chronic absence, which has doubled since 2015.

ERO has found https://www.bookstime.com/ that schools need to be supported to do more to support students to sustain attendance. The next chapter of the report sets out our key findings, alongside our recommendations for change towards an improved system that effectively reduces chronic absence. There are five schools that have chronic absence rates of 50 percent or above.

What models and provisions do other countries have to manage attendance?

And even with a template in place, it’s overkill for all but the big, sweaty, keep-you-up-at-night decisions you only come across a few times a year. A RACI chart is a powerful decision-making framework for the right team and project. Let’s start by decision making framework covering the best decision-making frameworks for project managers facing difficult choices. Just like project management is as much about your team as the methodology you use, decision-making only succeeds when you consider both process and people.

• Some staff discussed negative experiences, where they did not feel safe to enter properties and engage with parents or whānau.
• In this chapter we set out how much students are attending school, and how chronic absence varies for different students and schools.
• It is important to note that mistakes from poor decisions can have severe consequences for the customer and the business.
• In the schools we visited there is a focus on gathering and monitoring attendance data for individuals in the system.
• But particularly in a team setting, it’s crucial to invest just as much thought and planning into communicating the decision and successfully rolling it out.
• To prevent students becoming chronically absent will require social agencies to address the barriers to attendance that sit outside of the education sector.
• There are a range of risk factors that make it more likely a student will be chronically absent.

Appendix 2: Definition of Attendance

Schools refer students too late, and it makes it harder for them to get students back to school. The lack of clarity around which attendance codes to use under what circumstances means that quality of this data is inconsistent. The literature highlights the importance of communication between organisations when young people are transitioning between educational environments, like between working with Attendance Services and schools. When a pattern of chronic absence is identified, there is an immediate response to follow up and investigate. There are clear expectations for attendance, and everyone knows what these are. Setting expectations is the only element in the expectations for attendance component.

What Is a Decision-Making Model and How To Choose a Best One

Parents also rated students not wanting to do some school activities as one of the top three reasons students were not likely to go to school (30 percent of parents and whānau). Attendance Service staff and school leaders did not identify school factors in their top three reasons for chronic absence. In Term 2 this year, over 80,000 students missed more than three weeks of school. A decision-making technique is a method or approach used to help people make better decisions. These techniques provide step-by-step processes or tools to consider options, weigh their pros and cons, and choose the best course of action. Examples include listing the advantages and disadvantages of each option, visualizing potential outcomes, or prioritizing based on key factors.